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Khirurgii

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Year 2021 Vol. 29 No 2

REVIEWS

A.V. SAZHIN, V.A. PETUKHOV, T.V. NECHAY, G.B. IVAKHOV, E.A. STRADYMOV, A.I. AKPEROV

MICROBIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow,
The Russian Federation

Obstruction of the lumen of the appendix is still considered to be the main cause of acute appendicitis (including feces), followed by the increased intraluminal pressure, the development of ischemia and mucosal hypoxia of the appendix, ulceration, violation of the mucous barrier and the development of necrosis. A sufficient number of scientific facts have been accumulated completely refuting this postulate. Current fundamental achievements in molecular biology, biochemistry, etc. did not become the basis for a clinical revision of the ancient well-established theories and concepts of the etiopathogenesis of many diseases in almost all medical specialties. Surgery isn’t an exception in this context. The review considers the etiopathogenesis of acute inflammation of the appendix from the current point of view of the hypothesis of epithelial-endothelial dysfunction and epithelial-endothelial distress syndrome, since it most fully characterizes the integration of the etiopathogenesis of almost all common diseases of organs with mucous membranes and the recent fundamental research their structures and functions. It is based on general and local factors of violation of the lymphoid apparatus and the integumentary epithelium barrier functions. Thus, this work presents a new concept of the etiopathogenesis of acute appendicitis, which in turn will allow the surgery of acute appendicitis to reach new levels of understanding.

Keywords: acute appendicitis, etiopathogenesis of appendicitis, a new concept, epithelial-endothelial distress syndrome, microbiota
p. 221-233 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
117997, Russian Federation,
Moscow, Ostrovityanov Str.,
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, the Faculty Surgery Department No1,
tel.: +7 (916) 223-46-60,
å-mail: egr.stradymov@mail.ru,
Stradymov Egor A.
Information about the authors:
Sazhin Aleksandr V., MD, Professor, Corresponding member of RAS, Head of the Faculty Surgery Department No1 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6188-6093
Petukhov Vitalii A., MD, Professor of the Faculty Surgery Department No1 PirogovRussian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-9864
Nechay Taras V., PhD, Associate Professor of the Faculty Surgery Department No1 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0769-5282
Ivakhov Georgii B., PhD, Associate Professor of the Faculty Surgery Department No 1 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-4953
Stradymov Egor A., Assistant of the Faculty Surgery Department No 1 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9414-7588
Akperov Aliverdi I., Clinical Intern of the Faculty Surgery Department No 1 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-6804
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