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Year 2022 Vol. 30 No 3

REVIEWS

А.N. REDKIN, M.V. SOROKINA, E.YU. USTINOVA, O. V. MANUKOVSKAYA, YU. S. KONOPLINA, S. S. POPOV

SPECIFICITY OF DIAGNOSTICS OF PATIENTS WITH METASTASES OF SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF UNKNOWN PRIMARY ORIGIN IN THE LYMPH NODES OF THE NECK

Voronezh state medical University named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh,
Russian Federation

Throughout the world cancer of unknown primary origin occures the 7th place according to morbidity, which is 2.3-5% of all malignant neoplasms and ranks the 4th – according to mortality. In a certain proportion of patients, these metastases are determined independently, without identifying the primary focus. This nosological form of cancer is a heterogeneous disease and usually manifests a pronounced aggressive character in case of progression of the process in the absence of a primary tumor focus. The search for the primary focus and further tactics of treating patients is an embarrassing and under-researched problem that requires numerous studies in future. In addition to standard diagnostic methods, immunohistochemical and virological examinations are used to examine such patients. Most often, patients with metastases in the cervical lymph nodes without a primary identified focus, associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which in turn helps to predict the primary localization of cancer. Also diagnostic bilateral tonsillectomy and panendoscopy play the important role. In most cases cancer of unknown primary origin is located in the head and neck. Currently, a search is underway for new diagnostic methods to eliminate delays in treatment and increase the life expectancy of patients. This issue is in demand among researchers around the world. Therefore, further studies are necessary to advance the knowledge of this area.

Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, metastases without identified primary focus, lymph nodes of the neck, positron emission tomography, human papillomavirus
p. 288-297 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
394036, Russian Federation,
Voronezh, Kalyaev Street, 2,
Voronezh State Medical University
Named after N. N. Burdenko,
the Oncology Department.
tel.: +7 9066082061,
e-mail: wwwdelicious@rambler.ru,
Sorokina Margarita V.
Information about the authors:
Redkin Alexander N., MD, Professor of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-0751
Sorokina Margarita V., Post-Graduate Student of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4436-8101
Ustinova Elena Yu., MD, Professor of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-4657
Manukovskaya Olga V., PhD, Associate Professor of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-5901
Konoplina Juliya S., PhD, Associate of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-7001
Popov Sergey S., PhD, Associate Professor of the Oncology Department of Voronezh State Medical University Named after N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9826-616X
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