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Khirurgii

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Year 2023 Vol. 31 No 6

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

Z.M. SIGAL, O.V. SURNINA, O.A. SIGAL, S.Z. SIGAL, R.K. AUBOV

NEW METHOD OF TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC TACTICS FOR THYROID NEOPLASMS

Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk,
The Russian Federation

Objective. To optimize the surgical tactics of treating patients with focal diseases of the thyroid gland based on the use of a developed highly informative program for monitoring the structural and functional state of the tissue structures of the lesion and adjacent tissues, based on the developed original optosonographic technology.
Methods. The comparison group of patients (n=1406) underwent a puncture biopsy using the traditional method without ultrasound visualization; and the observation group (n= 1870), biopsy material was taken using an innovative method of puncture biopsy of neoplasms of the thyroid and mammary glands by a device for puncture of space-occupying formations of the thyroid and mammary glands.
Results. For the first time, normal indicators of pulse and non-pulse optical density in the thyroid gland in healthy people have been identified, which are used as a conditional physiological norm. When studying thyroid diseases, in 85.0-98.0% of cases, deviations were identified both before and after the studies, which indicates the high sensitivity of these methods in diagnosing thyroid diseases. Consequently, these studies can be one of the main ways to detect thyroid diseases. Also, the proposed treatment and diagnostic tactics made it possible to develop additional indications for surgical treatment of thyroid tumors based on optosonographic monitoring data.
Conclusion. It has been shown that the method of puncture biopsy, based on determining the amplitude of pulse oscillations and the optical density of the tissue under study, allows one to detect a space-occupying formation earlier than it appears with visual methods of examination, and the presence of an additional channel allows one to simultaneously perform a puncture of tissues bordering the pathological focus and evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and predict the further development of the disease. Creative surgical methods for puncture biopsy and a device for its implementation have been developed, based on pulse optometry using an emitter and a photodetector. The method increases the efficiency and accuracy of differential diagnosis of space- occupying neoplasms, provides control over the effectiveness of treatment and the prevention of false-positive and false-negative results.

Keywords: puncture, puncture biopsy, image-guided biopsy, ultrasonography, computed tomography, thyroid neoplasms, breast neoplasms, pulse optometry, thyroid neoplasm, optosonographic device, optosonographic monitoring, puncture biopsy, puncture
p. 439-448 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
426056, Russian Federation,
Izhevsk, Kommunarov st., 281,
Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Department
of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy,
tel.: +7 912 751-24-12,
e-mail: uzd-ur@mail.ru,
Surnina Olga Vladimirovna
Information about the authors:
Sigal Zoltan Moishevich, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-868Xorcid.org/0000-0001-9823-868X
Surnina Olga Vladimirovna, MD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Head of the Ultrasound Diagnostics Department, Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-1808.
Sigal Olga Aleksandrovna, Graduate Student of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Russia, Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russian Federation:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-8522.
Sigal Sofya Zoltanovna, Dermatovenerologist, Cosmetologist, Head Physician of SIGAL Aesthetic club, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-8971.
Ayubov Roman Kemranovich, Laboratory Assistant at the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russian Federation.
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1993-1324
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