Novosti
Khirurgii

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Year 2018 Vol. 26 No 5

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
EXPERIMENTAL SURGERY

T.A. STUPINA, M.A. STEPANOV, N.I. ANTONOV

STRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION OF THE KNEE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN DISTRACTION
FEMORAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS COMBINED WITH BONE PLATE

Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center “Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics”, Kurgan,
The Russian Federation

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of changes in the knee articular cartilage in the distraction femoral osteosynthesis combined with a bone plate.
Methods. The articular cartilage of the knee joint was studied experimentally using X-ray, histological and quantitative methods techniques in six mongrel dogs in the distraction femoral osteosynthesis with the rate of 1 mm for four times combined with bone plate. The studies were carried out 30 and 90 days after the plate fixation.
Results. In the distraction femoral osteosynthesis combined with a bone plate, an active osteogenesis was observed with forming a typical normoplastic regenerated bone. The period of fixation with the bone plate was 90 days. The knee function in the period of lengthening and up to 30 days of fixation was limited to 90°, the range of motion by the end of the experiment was 130-140° with presenting active static-and-dynamic function of the limb. The destructive changes in the articular cartilage manifested themselves in the zonal structure disorder, fibration visualization of the intercellular substance of the intermediate zone superficial and top parts, substantial decrease in the intercellular substance thickness, volumetric density and chondrocyte area, cell death, while proliferation was suppressed. Disturbance of basophilic line integrity was noted, as well as penetration of vessels into the cartilage, and phenomena of the osteoclastic resorption in the subchondral zone.
Conclusions. When performing distraction femoral osteosynthesis combined with a bone plate destructive changes were revealed in the articular cartilage of the knee joint. The low value of isogenic group proportion and the penetration of vessels into the cartilage evidenced of regressive hyaline cartilage changes and unfavorable functional prognosis. The degree of manifestations of the articular cartilage changes with the studied method of femoral lengthening leads to the conclusion that the development of the technologies optimal for functional rehabilitation should be continued in further experimental studies.

Keywords: combined osteosynthesis, femur, knee joint, cartilage, histomorphometry, experiment on animals
p. 519-525 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
640014, The Russian Federation,
Kurgan, M. Ulyanova Str., 6,
Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center
“Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics”,
Laboratory of Morphology.
Tel. office: +7 3522 41 52 27,
e-mail: StupinaSTA@mail.ru,
Tatyana A. Stupina
Information about the authors:
Stupina Tatyana A., MD, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Morphology, Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center “Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics”, Kurgan, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-0372
Stepanov Mikhail A., PhD, Leading Researcher of the Experimental Laboratory, Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center “Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics”, Kurgan, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-625X
Antonov Nicolai I., PhD, Researcher of the Experimental Laboratory, Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center “Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics”, Kurgan, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-2749
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